吉卓然

入学时间：2016级

答辩时间：2019年

论文题目：基于多元数据的信号控制交叉口通行效率评价方法

中文摘要

摘要

交叉口是道路网络的关键节点，道路上不同方向的交通流在交叉口处相交，形成冲突、合流、分流等交通现象，易成为城市道路网通行能力的“瓶颈”。深入研究信号控制交叉口的通行效率问题，构建科学有效的评价方法与体系，对于提高交通通行效率，优化道路资源配置具有重要的理论价值与现实意义。本文在总结国内外信号控制交叉口通行效率评价相关研究的基础上，深入分析了通行效率的内涵，关注信号控制交叉口的时空资源消耗情况，对信号控制交叉口通行效率评价方法以及效率与行驶环境、工程设计的关系进行了研究。

首先，论文研究了信号控制交叉口通行效率及其表征。从信号控制交叉口特性分析入手，分析了信号控制交叉口内部的多维度数据类型，包括交叉口内部的交通流参数、道路条件参数、交通管理参数；对于现有的通行能力、延误、排队长度、停车次数等通行效率指标，重点分析了交叉口数据与通行能力的关系，总结了现有通行能力计算及饱和流率修正方法，分析了信号控制交叉口交通流的时间要素与空间要素。

其次，论文从效率的概念入手，针对现有效率评价中存在的局限性，通过分析信号控制交叉口处交通流的时间、空间占用情况，构建通行效率的基本体系，从微观到宏观，定义了流向级、车道级、进口道级、交叉口级的通过量指标，以此作为信号控制交叉口通行效率的关键表征，以交叉口的延误、饱和度作为辅助指标，对不同交叉口的通行效率情况进行排序。为了解决不同区域、不同时间段下信号控制交叉口的可比性问题，进行效率评价时需要综合评价平峰、高峰时间的通行情况，同时采用从小区域到大区域乃至不同城市的范围层层递进，动态评价。根据提出的通行效率评价方法，采用交通微观仿真（VISSIM）与定性分析结合的方法，论文重点分析了几种常见的空间设计与通行效率的关系，分析了交叉口面积、车道功能布置、车道宽度、短车道、进出口道匹配、渠化模式、停车线位置对通行效率的影响，并提出了基于评价的交叉口改善的基本思路。

最后，论文选取了典型城市6处信号控制交叉口作为应用对象，进行了通行效率评价，进一步对比了本文提出的通行效率评价方法与其他效率评价方法的异同。论文的结尾归纳了主要的研究成果与创新点，研究通过定义多层级通过量指标，分析信号控制交叉口的时空资源占用情况，对高峰、平峰时间的通行效率进行评价，文末对进一步的研究方向进行了简单的论述。

关键词：信号控制交叉口；效率评价；多元数据；时空资源

英文摘要

ABSTRACT

The intersection is the key node of the road network. The traffic flow in different directions meet at the intersection, resulting in conflicts, confluence and diversion, which become the bottleneck of the capacity in the urban road network. In-depth study of the traffic efficiency of signalized intersections and the construction of scientific and effective evaluation methods have important theoretical and practical significance for improving traffic efficiency and optimizing road resource allocation. On the basis of summarizing the research on the evaluation of the traffic efficiency at home and abroad, this paper deeply analyzes the connotation of traffic efficiency with the theoretical methods such as system engineering to study the evaluation method of traffic efficiency for signalized intersection.

Firstly, the paper studies the traffic efficiency and its representation for signalized intersections. Starting from the analyzing characteristics of signalized intersection, the multi-dimensional data types inside the signalized intersection are analyzed, including traffic flow parameters, road condition parameters and traffic management parameters. As for frequently-used traffic efficiency indicators such as capacity, delay, queen length, stops, the relationship between capacity and other data at the intersection is analyzed, and the existing traffic capacity calculation and saturation flow rate correction methods are summarized.

Secondly, starting with the definition of traffic efficiency, the paper focuses on the limitations of the existing capacity analysis. By analyzing the time and space occupancy of the traffic flow at the intersection, the basic system of traffic efficiency is constructed, from micro to macro. The throughput indicators of the flow direction, lane level, approach level, and intersection level are defined as a key characterization of the traffic efficiency at the intersection, and the delay and saturation of the intersection are used as auxiliary indicators to improve the traffic efficiency of different intersections. In order to solve the problem of comparability of signal control intersections in different regions and different time periods, the efficiency evaluation is comprehensively evaluated for the peak and peak time and the efficiency evaluation is carried out in a layered and dynamic way from a small area to a large area or even different cities. According to the proposed traffic efficiency index, considering the time and space resource occupancy of the intersection, using the combination of traffic micro-simulation (VISSIM) and qualitative analysis, the paper focuses on the analysis of several common spatial design and traffic efficiency. The influence of intersection area, lane function layout, lane width, short lane, import and export lane matching, channelization mode and parking line position on traffic efficiency, and the basic idea of intersection improvement based on evaluation is proposed.

Finally, the paper selects six signal control intersections in typical cities as application objects, evaluates the traffic efficiency, and further adopts the expert scoring method to verify the validity and rationality of the traffic efficiency evaluation method. At the end of the paper, the main research results and innovation points are summarized. The study analyzes the occupancy of space-time resources at the intersection of signal control intersections by defining multi-level throughput indicators, and evaluates the traffic efficiency of peak and flat peak time. A brief discussion for the further research directions was made.

Key Words:signalized intersection, evaluation, muti-dimensional data, time and space occupancy